4

The entry condition is the same as 3; however, the path of travel flows to the left. An individual passing through this space is required to make a sharp turn to the left to exit.

The main feature that separates this diagram from the previous ones is the fact that the path of travel is forced; that is, it does not exactly follow an individual's natural flow.

Previous assumptions are made regarding the density of pedestrians and the size of the space (although not previously indicated, the spaces are around 15'x15'). The spaces beyond the entrance and exit are also the same as indicated in 3: open and undefined.

If the space were much larger, with the same level of pedestrian traffic, than the flow would not be unnatural as an individual could make a very comfortable turn to the left. Alternately, if the spaces beyond the entry and exit were not open and undefined, but instead were closed and small, than this path of travel would be natural, as the pedestrians would be moving at a slow pace and can thus adjust to changes in trajectory much quicker.

In this diagram, the interruption in natural flow is represented by the circular (turbulence) lines.

3

In this scenario, the left extents of the individuals' path of travel will tend slightly to the left due to the open space. It will also tend to the left on the right side of the path of travel. The reasoning for this tendency is a little more complicated than the prior posts, but is essentially a result of three things: the open space to the left, the wall to the right, and the open space beyond the exit and entrance of this room.

Characteristics of the spaces beyond the entry and exit will have an impact, in certain cases, on the travel paths in a given space. Since the assumption is (similar to 1 and 2) that the spaces beyond the entry and exit are open and undefined, the path of travel will tend to be meandering and thus more easily influenced by solid obstacles and voids. That is, as shown, they will be pulled towards voids and pushed from solids.